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League of Nation: The international organization between two World Wars

  The League of Nations was an intergovernmental organization founded on January 10, 1920, as part of the Treaty of Versailles that ended World War I. It was established with the aim of promoting international cooperation, resolving disputes, and preventing future conflicts. The League of Nations was proposed by President Woodrow Wilson of the United States as one of his Fourteen Points for peace. The League's charter was included in the Treaty of Versailles, which was signed by the victorious Allied powers and Germany. The League's headquarters were located in Geneva, Switzerland. The League of Nations consisted of two main bodies: the Assembly and the Council. The Assembly served as a forum for all member states to discuss and vote on important issues, while the Council was responsible for making decisions and taking action on matters of international concern. The Council consisted of permanent members (the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Japan) and non-permanent members e...
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Great Depression of 1929| Optional History

The Great Depression of 1929 was one of the most devastating economic downturns in the history of the world. It was a period of severe economic hardship that lasted for nearly a decade and affected almost every corner of the world.

Credit: Investopedia

The Great Depression was triggered by the collapse of the stock market on October 24, 1929, which led to a sudden loss of confidence among investors and a sharp decline in consumer spending. The following are the causes, effects, and solutions to the Great Depression.


One of the primary causes of the Great Depression was the overproduction of goods during the 1920s. The widespread use of new technologies like assembly line production resulted in an increase in productivity, which eventually led to a glut of goods. The surplus production made it difficult for manufacturers to sell their products, leading to a decline in prices, profits, and wages. Furthermore, speculation and easy credit during the 1920s encouraged many investors to buy stocks on margin, which created an artificial demand for stocks, and eventually led to the stock market crash.



The effects of the Great Depression were widespread and severe. Unemployment rates soared, and millions of people lost their jobs. Banks failed, and thousands of people lost their savings. Many businesses closed, and those that remained open struggled to survive. The depression led to widespread poverty, hunger, and homelessness. People were forced to live in shanty towns, and lines for soup kitchens stretched for blocks.

To address the crisis, the government implemented several policies to stimulate the economy. President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal was one such initiative that aimed to provide relief, recovery, and reform. The New Deal included various programs like the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), the Works Progress Administration (WPA), and the National Recovery Administration (NRA), which aimed to create jobs, boost consumer spending, and regulate business practices. The government also implemented policies like the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA), which aimed to increase farm prices, and the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA), which aimed to regulate business practices.


The Great Depression had a profound impact on the world economy and paved the way for significant changes in economic policy. One of the key lessons learned from the Great Depression was the need for the government to play a more active role in regulating the economy. The depression led to the creation of institutions like the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), which aimed to protect consumers and investors. It also led to the adoption of Keynesian economics, which advocated for government spending to stimulate the economy during times of recession.

In conclusion, the Great Depression of 1929 was a significant event that had a lasting impact on the world economy. The overproduction of goods, speculation, and easy credit were some of the primary causes of the depression. The depression had widespread and severe effects on the economy, leading to unemployment, poverty, and hunger. The government implemented several policies to address the crisis, including the New Deal, which aimed to provide relief, recovery, and reform. The depression also led to significant changes in economic policy, including the adoption of Keynesian economics and the creation of institutions like the FDIC and the SEC.

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